# FxLayer

> Foreign trade compliance software for Indian importers, exporters, merchant traders and services companies: IDPMS and EDPMS tracking, bank letters and forms (Form A1 / A2), Form 145 / 146 worksheets, the monthly services EDF and FX rates, alongside the company's ERP — and for freelancers paid from abroad, invoices without GST and every RBI purpose code in plain words. Made by Trianzor Private Limited, New Delhi.

## Product

- [Solutions](https://fxlayerhq.com/solutions): what FxLayer does for each segment
- [Pricing](https://fxlayerhq.com/pricing): plans per module, billed in INR
- [Workbench](https://fxlayerhq.com/workbench): the trade inbox add-on
- [For freelancers](https://fxlayerhq.com/freelancers): payments from abroad on a PAN, without GST registration or an IEC
- [Partners](https://fxlayerhq.com/partners): the programme for chartered accountants and advisers
- [MCP server and open data](https://fxlayerhq.com/developers): connect an AI assistant to FxLayer's guides and purpose codes

## Guides

- [Paying a supplier in advance: what your bank will expect](https://fxlayerhq.com/insights/advance-import-payments): An advance payment for imports is remitted under purpose code S0101 against a proforma invoice or contract and recorded in IDPMS, where it stays open until the Bill of Entry for the goods is matched to it. Above the limit RBI sets, the bank asks for a letter of credit or a guarantee from the supplier's bank; if the goods never come, the advance is refunded.
- [The hidden cost in every foreign payment: the bank's spread](https://fxlayerhq.com/insights/bank-fx-spreads): The FX spread is the gap between the rate your bank applies and the mid-market rate at that moment. On large import or export payments it usually costs more than the bank charges shown on the advice. Measure it on each payment, compare quotes from your AD banks before booking, and record the booked rate so the remittance can be checked.
- [eBRC and FIRC: what they prove and who issues them](https://fxlayerhq.com/insights/ebrc-and-firc): A FIRC or FIRA is the bank's certificate that a foreign remittance reached your account; an eBRC is the electronic Bank Realisation Certificate, generated through DGFT's system from the bank's realisation data, confirming the money was realised against a specific export. GST refunds and export incentives usually ask for the eBRC; the FIRC proves only that money arrived.
- [EDPMS entry not closed: the usual reasons, and what the bank needs to close it](https://fxlayerhq.com/insights/edpms-entry-not-closed): An EDPMS entry stays open until your AD bank reports realisation against that Shipping Bill. When the money has arrived and the entry is still open, the cause is usually a remittance the bank never linked to the bill, a Shipping Bill filed under another bank's AD code, a short receipt without an approved reduction, or an export advance not adjusted. Each closes with a request letter and particular documents.
- [EDPMS and IDPMS software: a checklist for exporters and importers](https://fxlayerhq.com/insights/edpms-idpms-software): Good EDPMS and IDPMS software reads the bank's outstanding list and your customs documents, matches every remittance to its Shipping Bill or Bill of Entry (part payments, advances and several bills per payment included), counts down to each due date, and writes the closure, extension and declaration letters the bank needs, with an audit trail. Check how it handles purpose codes, several banks and your ERP.
- [Export realisation period in 2026: nine months, extensions and write-offs](https://fxlayerhq.com/insights/export-realisation-timelines): From 1 October 2026, an Indian exporter must realise and repatriate the full export value within nine months of the date of export, or twelve months when the invoice is raised or settled in rupees, under the FEMA Export and Import Regulations, 2026 as amended on 22 September 2026 (the text notified in January had said fifteen months). Ask the AD bank for any extension before the period ends.
- [The FLA return: who must file, what it asks for and how to file it on FLAIR](https://fxlayerhq.com/insights/fla-return): Every Indian company, LLP or other entity that has received foreign direct investment or made overseas direct investment, and still holds it on 31 March, files the Annual Return on Foreign Liabilities and Assets (FLA return) with RBI on the FLAIR portal by 15 July. For FY 2025-26 RBI extended the date to 31 July 2026. A return filed on unaudited figures is revised on the audited accounts by 30 September.
- [Form 145 and Form 146: which part applies to your foreign payment](https://fxlayerhq.com/insights/form-145-and-form-146): Form 145 (formerly Form 15CA) is the declaration filed on the income-tax portal before paying a non-resident, under Rule 220 of the Income-tax Rules, 2026. Form 146 (formerly Form 15CB) is a chartered accountant's certificate, needed for Part C: taxable payments above ₹5 lakh in the year without a tax officer's certificate. Payments on the specified list, such as imports of goods, need neither.
- [Form 145 Part C or Part D? Worked examples by purpose code](https://fxlayerhq.com/insights/form-145-part-c-or-part-d): Part C is for a payment chargeable to tax in India that takes the year's total to the payee above ₹5 lakh: a chartered accountant's Form 146 is filed first. Part D is for a payment not chargeable to tax in India, such as business income of a payee with no permanent establishment here, or fees a tax treaty protects. Payments on the specified list, such as imports of goods, need neither.
- [Form A1 or Form A2: which application does your bank need?](https://fxlayerhq.com/insights/form-a1-vs-form-a2): Use Form A1 when the payment is for goods imported into India, and Form A2 for every other outward remittance, including services, royalties and the import leg of a merchanting trade. Both carry the purpose code, the beneficiary and bank details and your declarations; the purpose code also decides whether Form 145 and Form 146 are needed.
- [Paid by clients abroad: what a freelancer in India needs to know](https://fxlayerhq.com/insights/freelancers-paid-from-abroad): A freelancer in India paid by clients abroad needs no IEC for services, and need not register under GST while turnover in the year, foreign clients included, stays within ₹20 lakh (₹10 lakh in four north-eastern states). Each payment comes in under the RBI purpose code for the work, with a FIRA from the bank or an e-FIRA from a payment platform, and is taxed as ordinary income.
- [How to generate an eBRC on the DGFT portal, step by step](https://fxlayerhq.com/insights/generate-ebrc-on-dgft): To generate an eBRC yourself, sign in to the DGFT portal for your IEC, open Services › eBRC, pick the inward remittance message (IRM) your bank reported, link it to the Shipping Bill or services invoice it paid, enter the amount it settles and submit with the declaration. Many lines at once go in DGFT's bulk-upload file, or through DGFT's eBRC API with your own credential.
- [Merchanting trade: buying abroad, selling abroad, reporting in India](https://fxlayerhq.com/insights/merchanting-trade-transactions): A merchanting trade transaction (MTT) is a purchase of goods from one foreign country and their sale to another without the goods entering India. Both legs go through the same AD bank, the goods must be importable into India, the supplier is paid under S0108 and the buyer pays under P0108, and for trades from 1 October 2026 the two legs must be at most six months apart.
- [The monthly EDF for services under Circular No. 25: fields, formats and deadlines](https://fxlayerhq.com/insights/monthly-edf-for-services): From 1 October 2026, every Indian exporter of services declares its export invoices on one consolidated Export Declaration Form a month, within 30 days from the end of the month of invoicing, to the AD bank through which the money comes in (STPI or the SEZ authority where they apply). A.P. (DIR Series) Circular No. 25 of 28 September 2026 sets the fields and file formats.
- [P0802 or P0807: choosing the software purpose code now that SOFTEX has ended](https://fxlayerhq.com/insights/p0802-or-p0807): P0807 is for off-site software exports: software built in India and delivered to the client abroad electronically, including licences and subscriptions to your own product. P0802 is for software consultancy and implementation: advising on, configuring or implementing systems, including work done at the client's site. Since 1 October 2026 both are declared on the monthly EDF instead of SOFTEX, so the code describes the work but no longer decides the form.
- [RBI purpose codes: the five characters that classify every payment](https://fxlayerhq.com/insights/rbi-purpose-codes): RBI purpose codes classify every foreign exchange payment: codes starting with S are for money going out of India and codes starting with P for money coming in. Goods use S0101 to S0104 and P0101 to P0103, merchanting the pair S0108 and P0108, and services a code for the work, such as P0802 for software. The code decides the forms and which open items the payment settles.
- [Your AD bank: the gatekeeper for every foreign trade payment](https://fxlayerhq.com/insights/role-of-the-ad-bank): An AD (Authorised Dealer) Category I bank is a bank licensed by RBI to deal in foreign exchange. It examines your documents, makes or receives the payment, reports it to RBI and closes the matching IDPMS or EDPMS entry. Every Shipping Bill and Bill of Entry is tied to the AD bank code declared to customs, so that bank handles its closure.
- [Paying a foreign vendor at the treaty rate: the papers that matter](https://fxlayerhq.com/insights/tax-treaty-benefits-trc): A lower tax-treaty rate can be applied to a payment to a non-resident only when the payee shows it is resident in the treaty country: its tax residency certificate (TRC), backed by the prescribed declaration, and, for business income, a declaration that it has no permanent establishment in India. Without these papers, tax is withheld at the rate under the Act.
- [What is EDPMS, and when does a Shipping Bill close?](https://fxlayerhq.com/insights/what-is-edpms): EDPMS (Export Data Processing and Monitoring System) is RBI's database that opens an entry for every Shipping Bill received from customs and keeps it open until your AD bank reports the export proceeds against it. From 1 October 2026 the value must be realised within nine months of export, twelve when invoiced in rupees; entries left open draw bank follow-up and, in persistent cases, caution-listing.
- [What is IDPMS, and how does a Bill of Entry close?](https://fxlayerhq.com/insights/what-is-idpms): IDPMS (Import Data Processing and Monitoring System) is RBI's database where your AD bank records every outward remittance for imports and every Bill of Entry, and matches the two. An advance payment stays open until its Bill of Entry arrives; a Bill of Entry stays open until it is paid, normally within six months of shipment. Only the bank closes an entry.

## RBI purpose codes

- [RBI purpose codes: the full list, with Form A1 / A2, tax and GST](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes): every code with its bank form, income-tax nature, Form 145 / 146 and GST
- [P0001: Repatriation of Indian portfolio investment abroad – equity shares](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0001)
- [P0002: Repatriation of Indian portfolio investment abroad – debt instruments](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0002)
- [P0003: Repatriation of Indian direct investment abroad – equity shares](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0003)
- [P0004: Repatriation of Indian direct investment abroad – debt instruments](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0004)
- [P0005: Repatriation of Indian investment abroad in real estate](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0005)
- [P0006: Foreign direct investment into India – equity shares](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0006)
- [P0007: Foreign direct investment into India – debt instruments](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0007)
- [P0008: Foreign direct investment into India – real estate](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0008)
- [P0009: Foreign portfolio investment into India – equity shares](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0009)
- [P0010: Foreign portfolio investment into India – debt instruments](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0010)
- [P0011: Repayment of loans extended to non-residents](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0011)
- [P0012: Long and medium term loans from non-residents (ECB, over one year)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0012)
- [P0013: Short term loans from non-residents (trade credit, up to one year)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0013)
- [P0014: Receipts into non-resident deposits (FCNR(B) / NR(E)RA)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0014)
- [P0015: Loans and overdrafts taken by AD banks on their own account](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0015)
- [P0016: Purchase of a foreign currency against another currency](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0016)
- [P0017: Sale of intangible assets, land or natural resources – Government](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0017)
- [P0019: Sale of intangible assets (patents, copyrights, trademarks) – non-Government](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0019)
- [P0020: Financial derivatives – margin, premium and settlement receipts](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0020)
- [P0021: Sale of shares under an employee stock option](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0021)
- [P0022: Other investment in ADRs / GDRs](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0022)
- [P0024: External assistance received by India (loans to the Government of India)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0024)
- [P0025: Repayments received of external assistance extended by India](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0025)
- [P0028: Capital transfer receipts (guarantees, investment grants, large claims) – Government](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0028)
- [P0029: Capital transfer receipts (guarantees, investment grants, large claims) – non-Government](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0029)
- [P0099: Other capital receipts not included elsewhere](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0099)
- [P0101: Export bill negotiated / purchased / discounted (other than Nepal and Bhutan)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0101)
- [P0102: Realisation of export bills sent on collection (other than Nepal and Bhutan)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0102)
- [P0103: Advance received against export contract (other than Nepal and Bhutan)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0103)
- [P0104: Receipts against intermediary / transit trade (third-country export passing through India)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0104)
- [P0108: Goods sold under merchanting / export leg receipt](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0108)
- [P0109: Export realisation on account of exports to Nepal and Bhutan](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0109)
- [P0201: Surplus freight / passenger fare of Indian shipping companies operating abroad](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0201)
- [P0202: Operating expenses of foreign shipping companies operating in India](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0202)
- [P0205: Operational leasing with crew – shipping companies](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0205)
- [P0207: Surplus freight / passenger fare of Indian airlines operating abroad](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0207)
- [P0208: Operating expenses of foreign airlines operating in India](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0208)
- [P0211: Operational leasing with crew – airlines](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0211)
- [P0213: Stevedoring, port handling – withdrawn in 2012, use P0214 (shipping) or P0215 (airlines)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0213)
- [P0214: Stevedoring, demurrage, port handling receipts – shipping](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0214)
- [P0215: Stevedoring, demurrage, port handling receipts – airlines](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0215)
- [P0216: Freight receipts – shipping companies operating abroad](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0216)
- [P0217: Passenger fare receipts – Indian shipping companies operating abroad](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0217)
- [P0218: Other receipts by shipping companies](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0218)
- [P0219: Freight receipts – Indian airlines operating abroad](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0219)
- [P0220: Passenger fare receipts – airlines](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0220)
- [P0221: Other receipts by airlines](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0221)
- [P0222: Freight under other modes of transport (road, rail, inland waterways, pipeline)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0222)
- [P0223: Passenger fare under other modes of transport (road, rail, inland waterways, pipeline)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0223)
- [P0224: Postal and courier services by air](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0224)
- [P0225: Postal and courier services by sea](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0225)
- [P0226: Postal and courier services by other modes](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0226)
- [P0301: Travel receipts – foreign currency bought by hotels, emporiums and institutions](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0301)
- [P0302: Business travel](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0302)
- [P0304: Travel for medical treatment (incl. currency bought by hospitals)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0304)
- [P0305: Travel for education (incl. currency bought by educational institutions)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0305)
- [P0306: Other travel receipts](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0306)
- [P0308: Foreign currency / TCs surrendered by returning Indian tourists](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0308)
- [P0501: Cost of construction of projects in India](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0501)
- [P0502: Construction works carried out abroad by Indian companies](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0502)
- [P0601: Life insurance premium (other than term insurance)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0601)
- [P0602: Freight insurance relating to import and export of goods](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0602)
- [P0603: Other general insurance premium including reinsurance and term life insurance](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0603)
- [P0605: Auxiliary insurance services including commission](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0605)
- [P0607: Insurance claim settlement – non-life and term life insurance](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0607)
- [P0608: Life insurance claim settlement (other than term insurance)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0608)
- [P0609: Standardised guarantee services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0609)
- [P0610: Premium for pension funds](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0610)
- [P0611: Periodic pension entitlements paid by Indian pension funds](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0611)
- [P0612: Invoking of standardised guarantees](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0612)
- [P0701: Financial intermediation – bank charges, collection and LC charges](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0701)
- [P0702: Investment banking – brokerage, underwriting commission](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0702)
- [P0703: Auxiliary financial services – custodial, depository, regulatory fees](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0703)
- [P0801: Hardware consultancy / implementation](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0801)
- [P0802: Software consultancy / implementation (off-site software exports are P0807)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0802)
- [P0803: Database and data processing charges](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0803)
- [P0804: Repair and maintenance of computers and software](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0804)
- [P0805: News agency services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0805)
- [P0806: Other information services – subscriptions](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0806)
- [P0807: Off-site software exports (SOFTEX / EDF)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0807)
- [P0808: Telecommunication services including e-mail and voice mail](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0808)
- [P0809: Satellite services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0809)
- [P0901: Franchises services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0901)
- [P0902: Royalty / licence fee received for use of originals, patents, copyrights, trademarks](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0902)
- [P1002: Trade related services – commission on exports / imports](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1002)
- [P1003: Operational leasing without crew, charter hire – airlines](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1003)
- [P1004: Legal services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1004)
- [P1005: Accounting, auditing, book keeping services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1005)
- [P1006: Business and management consultancy, public relations](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1006)
- [P1007: Advertising, trade fair services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1007)
- [P1008: Research and development services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1008)
- [P1009: Architectural services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1009)
- [P1010: Agricultural services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1010)
- [P1011: Inward remittance for maintenance of offices in India](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1011)
- [P1013: Environmental services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1013)
- [P1014: Engineering services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1014)
- [P1015: Tax consulting services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1015)
- [P1016: Market research and public opinion polling](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1016)
- [P1017: Publishing and printing services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1017)
- [P1018: Mining services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1018)
- [P1019: Commission agent services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1019)
- [P1020: Wholesale and retailing trade services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1020)
- [P1021: Operational leasing without crew, charter hire – shipping](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1021)
- [P1022: Other technical services including scientific / space services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1022)
- [P1099: Other services not included elsewhere](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1099)
- [P1101: Audio-visual services – film, video and animation production, distribution](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1101)
- [P1103: Radio and television production, distribution and transmission](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1103)
- [P1104: Entertainment services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1104)
- [P1105: Museums, library and archival services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1105)
- [P1106: Recreation and sporting activity services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1106)
- [P1107: Educational services (online courses, tutoring, training for non-residents)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1107)
- [P1108: Health services (doctors, hospitals, paramedical – remote or on-site)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1108)
- [P1109: Other personal, cultural and recreational services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1109)
- [P1201: Maintenance of foreign embassies in India](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1201)
- [P1203: Maintenance of international institutions in India (IMF, World Bank, UNICEF)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1203)
- [P1301: Family maintenance and savings from non-resident Indians](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1301)
- [P1302: Personal gifts and donations](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1302)
- [P1303: Donations to religious and charitable institutions in India](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1303)
- [P1304: Grants and donations to governments and government charities](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1304)
- [P1306: Receipts / refund of taxes](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1306)
- [P1307: Migrant transfers including personal effects](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1307)
- [P1401: Compensation of employees (salary from a foreign employer)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1401)
- [P1403: Interest on loans extended to non-residents](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1403)
- [P1405: Interest received by AD banks on their own investments](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1405)
- [P1408: Profit remitted by branches of Indian FDI enterprises abroad](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1408)
- [P1409: Dividends from Indian FDI enterprises abroad (other than branches)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1409)
- [P1410: Interest paid by Indian FDI enterprises abroad to their Indian parent](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1410)
- [P1411: Interest on Indian portfolio investment abroad](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1411)
- [P1412: Dividends on Indian portfolio investment abroad](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1412)
- [P1499: Other income receipts](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1499)
- [P1501: Refund / rebate on account of imports](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1501)
- [P1502: Reversal of wrong entries, refund of amount remitted for non-imports](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1502)
- [P1503: Receipts by residents under an international bidding process](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1503)
- [P1505: Deemed exports (between SEZ, EPZ and the domestic tariff area)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1505)
- [P1601: Maintenance and repair of vessels, ships, boats](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1601)
- [P1602: Maintenance and repair of aircraft](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1602)
- [P1701: Processing of goods (job work in India)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p1701)
- [S0001: Indian portfolio investment abroad – equity shares](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0001)
- [S0002: Indian portfolio investment abroad – debt instruments](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0002)
- [S0003: Indian direct investment abroad – equity shares](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0003)
- [S0004: Indian direct investment abroad – debt instruments](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0004)
- [S0005: Indian investment abroad in real estate](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0005)
- [S0006: Repatriation of foreign direct investment in India – equity shares](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0006)
- [S0007: Repatriation of foreign direct investment in India – debt instruments](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0007)
- [S0008: Repatriation of foreign direct investment in India – real estate](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0008)
- [S0009: Repatriation of foreign portfolio investment in India – equity shares](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0009)
- [S0010: Repatriation of foreign portfolio investment in India – debt instruments](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0010)
- [S0011: Loans extended to non-residents](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0011)
- [S0012: Repayment of long and medium term loans from non-residents (ECB)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0012)
- [S0013: Repayment of short term loans from non-residents (trade credit)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0013)
- [S0014: Repatriation of non-resident deposits (FCNR(B) / NR(E)RA)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0014)
- [S0015: Repayment of loans and overdrafts taken by AD banks on their own account](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0015)
- [S0016: Sale of a foreign currency against another foreign currency](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0016)
- [S0017: Purchase of intangible assets, land or natural resources – Government](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0017)
- [S0019: Purchase of intangible assets (patents, copyrights, trademarks) – non-Government](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0019)
- [S0020: Financial derivatives – margin, premium and settlement payments](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0020)
- [S0021: Payments on sale of shares under an employee stock option](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0021)
- [S0022: Investment in Indian Depository Receipts (IDRs)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0022)
- [S0023: Opening of a foreign currency account abroad with a bank](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0023)
- [S0024: External assistance extended by India (loans to foreign governments)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0024)
- [S0025: Repayments of external assistance received by India](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0025)
- [S0026: Capital transfers (guarantees, investment grants, large claims) – Government](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0026)
- [S0027: Capital transfers (guarantees, investment grants, large claims) – non-Government](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0027)
- [S0099: Other capital payments not included elsewhere](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0099)
- [S0101: Advance payment against imports (other than Nepal and Bhutan)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0101)
- [S0102: Payment towards imports — settlement of invoice (other than Nepal and Bhutan)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0102)
- [S0103: Imports by diplomatic missions (other than Nepal and Bhutan)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0103)
- [S0104: Intermediary trade / transit trade (third-country export passing through India)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0104)
- [S0108: Goods acquired under merchanting / payment against the import leg of merchanting trade](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0108)
- [S0109: Payments for imports from Nepal and Bhutan](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0109)
- [S0201: Surplus freight / passenger fare of foreign shipping companies operating in India](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0201)
- [S0202: Operating expenses of Indian shipping companies operating abroad](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0202)
- [S0203: Freight on imports – shipping companies](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0203)
- [S0204: Freight on exports – shipping companies](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0204)
- [S0205: Operational leasing / rental of vessels with crew – shipping companies](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0205)
- [S0206: Booking of passages abroad – shipping companies](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0206)
- [S0207: Surplus freight / passenger fare of foreign airlines operating in India](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0207)
- [S0208: Operating expenses of Indian airlines operating abroad](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0208)
- [S0209: Freight on imports – airlines](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0209)
- [S0210: Freight on exports – airlines](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0210)
- [S0211: Operational leasing / rental with crew – airlines](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0211)
- [S0212: Booking of passages abroad – airlines](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0212)
- [S0214: Stevedoring, demurrage, port handling charges – shipping](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0214)
- [S0215: Stevedoring, demurrage, port handling charges – airlines](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0215)
- [S0216: Passenger payments – shipping companies](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0216)
- [S0217: Other payments by shipping companies](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0217)
- [S0218: Passenger payments – airlines](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0218)
- [S0219: Other payments by airlines](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0219)
- [S0220: Freight under other modes of transport (road, rail, inland waterways, pipeline)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0220)
- [S0221: Passenger fare under other modes of transport (road, rail, inland waterways, pipeline)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0221)
- [S0222: Postal and courier services by air](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0222)
- [S0223: Postal and courier services by sea](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0223)
- [S0224: Postal and courier services by other modes](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0224)
- [S0301: Business travel](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0301)
- [S0303: Travel for pilgrimage](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0303)
- [S0304: Travel for medical treatment](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0304)
- [S0305: Travel for education (including fees and hostel expenses)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0305)
- [S0306: Other travel (holiday trips, international credit card settlement)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0306)
- [S0501: Construction of projects abroad by Indian companies](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0501)
- [S0502: Cost of construction of projects executed by foreign companies in India](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0502)
- [S0601: Life insurance premium (other than term insurance)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0601)
- [S0602: Freight insurance relating to import and export of goods](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0602)
- [S0603: Other general insurance premium including reinsurance and term life insurance](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0603)
- [S0605: Auxiliary insurance services including commission](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0605)
- [S0607: Insurance claim settlement – non-life and term life insurance](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0607)
- [S0608: Life insurance claim settlement](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0608)
- [S0609: Standardised guarantee services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0609)
- [S0610: Premium for pension funds](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0610)
- [S0611: Periodic pension entitlements paid by Indian pension funds](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0611)
- [S0612: Invoking of standardised guarantees](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0612)
- [S0701: Financial intermediation – bank charges, collection and LC charges](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0701)
- [S0702: Investment banking – brokerage, underwriting commission](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0702)
- [S0703: Auxiliary financial services – custodial, depository, regulatory fees](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0703)
- [S0801: Hardware consultancy / implementation](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0801)
- [S0802: Software consultancy / implementation (incl. SaaS subscriptions)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0802)
- [S0803: Database and data processing charges (cloud hosting)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0803)
- [S0804: Repair and maintenance of computers and software (AMC)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0804)
- [S0805: News agency services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0805)
- [S0806: Other information services – subscriptions to periodicals, databases](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0806)
- [S0807: Off-site software imports (electronically delivered licences)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0807)
- [S0808: Telecommunication services including e-mail and voice mail](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0808)
- [S0809: Satellite services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0809)
- [S0901: Franchises services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0901)
- [S0902: Royalty / licence fee for use of originals, patents, copyrights, trademarks](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s0902)
- [S1002: Trade related services – commission on exports / imports](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1002)
- [S1003: Operational leasing without crew, charter hire – airlines](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1003)
- [S1004: Legal services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1004)
- [S1005: Accounting, auditing, book keeping services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1005)
- [S1006: Business and management consultancy, public relations](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1006)
- [S1007: Advertising, trade fair services (incl. online advertising)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1007)
- [S1008: Research and development services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1008)
- [S1009: Architectural services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1009)
- [S1010: Agricultural services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1010)
- [S1011: Maintenance of offices abroad](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1011)
- [S1013: Environmental services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1013)
- [S1014: Engineering services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1014)
- [S1015: Tax consulting services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1015)
- [S1016: Market research and public opinion polling](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1016)
- [S1017: Publishing and printing services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1017)
- [S1018: Mining services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1018)
- [S1020: Commission agent services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1020)
- [S1021: Wholesale and retailing trade services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1021)
- [S1022: Operational leasing without crew, charter hire – shipping](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1022)
- [S1023: Other technical services including scientific / space services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1023)
- [S1099: Other services not included elsewhere](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1099)
- [S1101: Audio-visual services – film, video and animation production, distribution](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1101)
- [S1103: Radio and television production, distribution and transmission](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1103)
- [S1104: Entertainment services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1104)
- [S1105: Museums, library and archival services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1105)
- [S1106: Recreation and sporting activity services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1106)
- [S1107: Education – fees for courses / training abroad](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1107)
- [S1108: Health services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1108)
- [S1109: Other personal, cultural and recreational services](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1109)
- [S1201: Maintenance of Indian embassies abroad](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1201)
- [S1202: Remittances by foreign embassies in India](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1202)
- [S1301: Family maintenance and savings](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1301)
- [S1302: Personal gifts and donations](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1302)
- [S1303: Donations to religious and charitable institutions abroad](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1303)
- [S1304: Grants and donations to other governments and government charities](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1304)
- [S1305: Contributions by the Government to international institutions](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1305)
- [S1306: Payment / refund of taxes](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1306)
- [S1307: Migrant transfers including personal effects](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1307)
- [S1401: Compensation of employees (salary to non-resident staff)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1401)
- [S1402: Interest on non-resident deposits (FCNR(B) / NR(E)RA)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1402)
- [S1403: Interest on loans from non-residents (trade credit / buyer's credit)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1403)
- [S1405: Interest paid by AD banks on their own account (vostro / nostro)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1405)
- [S1408: Profit remitted by branches of foreign companies in India](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1408)
- [S1409: Dividends paid by FDI enterprises in India (other than branches)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1409)
- [S1410: Interest paid by FDI enterprises in India to their parent abroad](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1410)
- [S1411: Interest on foreign portfolio investment in India](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1411)
- [S1412: Dividends on foreign portfolio investment in India](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1412)
- [S1501: Refund / rebate / reduction in invoice value on account of exports](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1501)
- [S1502: Reversal of wrong entries, refund of amount remitted for non-exports](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1502)
- [S1503: Payments by residents for international bidding](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1503)
- [S1504: Notional sales when negotiated export bills are dishonoured or cancelled](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1504)
- [S1505: Deemed imports (between SEZ, EPZ and the domestic tariff area)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1505)
- [S1601: Maintenance and repair of vessels, ships, boats](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1601)
- [S1602: Maintenance and repair of aircraft](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1602)
- [S1701: Processing of goods (job work abroad)](https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/s1701)

## Regulatory updates

- [FEMA Export and Import Regulations, 2026 in force from 1 October 2026](https://fxlayerhq.com/updates#fema-export-import-regulations-2026) (effective 2026-10-01): The Foreign Exchange Management (Export and Import of Goods and Services) Regulations, 2026 replace the earlier export and import framework for transactions from 1 October 2026, with the A.P. (DIR Series) circulars issued under them.
- [Monthly EDF for services exports replaces SOFTEX](https://fxlayerhq.com/updates#monthly-edf-for-services-exports) (effective 2026-10-01): From 1 October 2026 every exporter of services declares its exports on the Export Declaration Form — one EDF a month for each authority (AD bank, STPI or SEZ), due 30 days after the month ends. SOFTEX and the old EDF waiver for services are discontinued.
- [Monthly EDF: RBI indicates individuals need not file](https://fxlayerhq.com/updates#monthly-edf-individual-freelancers) (effective 2026-10-07): RBI indicated on 7 October 2026 that individuals exporting services, such as freelancers, need not file the monthly Export Declaration Form that applies from 1 October 2026. Its FAQs are awaited, so until they are out an individual should ask the AD bank and keep its answer.
- [Merchanting trade: legs at most six months apart](https://fxlayerhq.com/updates#merchanting-trade-six-month-leg-gap) (effective 2026-10-01): For merchanting trades begun from 1 October 2026, the import and export legs may be at most six months apart unless the AD bank extends the period.
- [Export proceeds: nine months from the invoice, twelve in rupees](https://fxlayerhq.com/updates#export-realisation-nine-months) (effective 2026-10-01): The amendment of 22 September 2026 sets the realisation period for exports at nine months from the invoice date, and twelve months when the export is invoiced or settled in rupees.
- [FLA return for FY 2025-26: due 31 July 2026 on FLAIR](https://fxlayerhq.com/updates#fla-return-fy-2025-26-due-31-july-2026) (effective 2026-07-31): RBI extended the Annual Return on Foreign Liabilities and Assets as on 31 March 2026 from 15 July to 31 July 2026 and moved FLA correspondence to flareturn@rbi.org.in. Entities holding FDI or ODI on 31 March file on the FLAIR portal; a return on unaudited figures is revised on the audited accounts by 30 September.
- [Form 145 and Form 146 replace Form 15CA and 15CB](https://fxlayerhq.com/updates#form-145-and-146-under-income-tax-act-2025) (effective 2026-04-01): Under the Income-tax Act, 2025 and Rule 220 of the Income-tax Rules, 2026, payments to non-residents are reported on Form 145, with the chartered accountant's certificate on Form 146.

## For AI agents

- MCP server: https://fxlayerhq.com/mcp (Streamable HTTP, no sign-in, read-only): search and fetch the guides, find and explain purpose codes, export-realisation and services-EDF dates, regulatory updates. How to connect: https://fxlayerhq.com/developers
- [Full text](https://fxlayerhq.com/llms-full.txt): every guide and the purpose-code reference in one file
- Markdown: every guide and purpose-code page at its address plus `.md`, e.g. https://fxlayerhq.com/insights/what-is-edpms.md or https://fxlayerhq.com/purpose-codes/p0802.md
- [Purpose codes as JSON](https://fxlayerhq.com/api/public/purpose-codes): the list (`?direction=inward|outward`, `?q=plain words`); one code with its reasoning at https://fxlayerhq.com/api/public/purpose-codes/{code}

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